Phillip Riley

4 Creative Ways Cities Are Transitioning To A Clean Energy Future

Mayors from cities across the U.S. are stepping up and committing to broad and inspirational action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and decarbonize local energy systems. This leadership is especially critical given lack of federal climate action, but translating a mayoral commitment to reality can be a challenge.

City staff face many hurdles when attempting to transition to renewable energy quickly. Chief among them is the challenge of working within complex market and regulatory frameworks that vary from state to state and can limit the options for purchasing renewable energy. Once cities identify which renewable options are available to them, they must then consider city and community specific priorities — -for example, how renewables align with workforce development and resilience initiatives. Finally, cities must navigate political and financial challenges, such as financing the upfront cost of installing on-site solar, negotiating contract duration and ensuring that renewable energy access and benefits are spread equitably across the community.

Leaders in U.S. clean energy development are beginning to realize how important it is to help cities achieve their renewable energy goals. Last year, Bloomberg Philanthropies announced the American Cities Climate Challenge, a two-year program which provides cities with powerful new resources and access to cutting-edge support to help them meet their near-term carbon reduction goals. Together with Bloomberg Philanthropies, Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) and the Urban Sustainability Directors Network, WRI formed the Renewables Accelerator to provide technical support to U.S. cities as they explore new and innovative strategies for procuring renewable energy to meet these goals.

Here are a few creative ways that cities are transitioning to renewable energy and setting examples for others to follow:

1) Legislating New Clean Energy Options

In 2017, the City of Philadelphia released a municipal energy master plan laying out a roadmap to drastically reduce the city’s carbon emissions and transition municipal energy use to 100 percent renewables by 2030. To achieve such an ambitious goal, the city needed to locate new sources of renewable energy to meet increasing demand. City staff began exploring the potential for a power purchase agreement (PPA), a contract that allows a city to buy electricity directly from a solar developer rather than from a utility.

Philadelphia’s city council hadn’t passed the legislation necessary to enable this type of contract. In response, Councilwoman Blondell Reynolds Brown worked with the Philadelphia Energy Authority and Community Energy, a solar developer, to create a bill that would allow the city to enter a PPA. Once the bill passed, the city signed an agreement with the Philadelphia Energy Authority to construct a 70 megawatt solar facility — the largest in Pennsylvania, which will meet 22 percent of Philadelphia’s municipal energy load.

This victory can serve as an example to other cities who are unable to procure renewable energy through their utilities and whose state law is a barrier to other solutions. Other cities may examine the legislation as a template and engage similar stakeholders as they craft specific language and solutions.

2) Leveraging Buying Power Across the Country

Cities have more buying power when they band together. Often, cities will partner to negotiate a contract like a PPA. The City of Boston is bringing this approach to renewable energy purchasing to show project developers just how much demand there is for clean energy.

In 2018, Mayor Martin J. Walsh convened 20 American cities to explore pooling buying power for a large-scale renewable energy purchase through a virtual power purchase agreement (vPPA). (This innovative procurement strategy has become popular among corporations.)

Cities from around the U.S., including Chicago, IL; Houston, TX; and Portland, OR have joined in the multi-city, multi-state request for information (RFI), which is the first of its kind in the U.S. By using a broad RFI, the city was able to get feedback from multiple developers before entering into a contract, providing an opportunity to negotiate more favorable terms for the city.

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